los ntawm Cov Ntawv Teev Npe Hauv Internet Archive
Cov Txheej Txheem Kho Kom Zoo thiab Kev Txuas Mus Ntxiv
IC tsim los yog Integrated Circuit tsim yog ib pawg ntawm hluav taws xob engineering, encircling cov logic thiab Circuit Court tsim cov tswv yim xav tau los tsim kev sib xyaw ua ke, lossis ICs. ICs suav nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me xws li resistors, transistors, capacitors, thiab lwm yam. fabricated rau hauv ib daim phiaj hluav taws xob ntawm ib lub monolithic semiconductor.
Digital thiab analog IC tsim yog ob pawg dav ntawm IC tsim. Cov khoom siv xws li microprocessors, FPGAs, nco txawv (xws li: RAM, ROM, thiab flash) thiab cov ASICs yog tsim los ntawm cov qauv IC digital. Cov qauv tsim digital lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, ua kom muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws hauv Circuit Court, thiab muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los xyuas kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lub moos thiab lub sijhawm teeb liab. Fais fab IC tsim thiab RF IC tsim yog cov teb uas Analog IC tsim muaj kev tshwj xeeb. Analog IC tsim yog siv nyob rau hauv tus tsim ntawm theem xauv loops, op-amps, oscillators, linear regulators thiab nquag lim. Analog tsim thab txog lub physics ntawm cov khoom siv semiconductor xws li kev tiv thaiv, nce, lub zog dissipation thiab txuam. Kev ncaj ncees ntawm analog teeb liab amplification thiab filtering feem ntau tseem ceeb heev thiab vim li no, analog integrated circuits siv comparatively loj cheeb tsam active pab kiag li lawm tshaj digital IC designs thiab feem ntau tsis heev ntom nyob rau hauv circuitry.
Kev cia siab ntawm cov khoom siv semiconductor los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob tau nce ib hnub dhau ib hnub vim tias qib kev sib koom ua ke tau loj hlob sai dua li puas tau thiab nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ntim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau hauv cov pob me tshaj plaws. Ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav cov tshuab computer xws li, capacitors, transistors, resistors, thiab lwm yam, tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm ib tus neeg silicon tuag.
Thaum ib lub pob tuav ib tus neeg silicon (silicon germanium rau RF circuits, lossis gallium arsenide rau microwave zaus circuits) uas tsim los ntawm ib feem ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob loj dua lossis cov kab ke lossis tag nrho cov hluav taws xob hauv nws txoj cai hu ua Integrated Circuit (IC) . Thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob tag nrho raug tsim los ntawm IC, nws feem ntau hais tias yog SoC (System on a Chip). Kev sib txuas lus niaj hnub no ICs yog ntawm SoC tsim.
MCM (Multichip Module) muaj ntau dua ib qho tuag thiab nws yog qhov txuas ntxiv rau IC; peb tuaj yeem hais piv txwv, circuits thiab sensors yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv ib tus neeg pob tab sis tsis tuaj yeem teeb tsa rau tus neeg tuag. MCM tau hais tias yog ib qho kev sib txuas sib txuas thaum pib, uas muaj ntau yam ICs thiab cov khoom siv tsis muaj zog ntawm lub hauv paus sib koom ua ke uas tau koom ua ke los ntawm cov neeg xyuas pib teeb tsa hauv lub hauv paus ntawd. Cov teeb meem cuam tshuam txog kev txo qhov loj me thiab cov teeb liab degradation tuaj yeem txo tau los ntawm kev siv MCM.
Ib qho txuas ntxiv rau IC yog multichip module (MCM), uas muaj ntau yam tuag; Piv txwv li, thaum sensors thiab circuits yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv ib lub pob tab sis uas tsis tuaj yeem tsim rau ntawm ib qho tuag. Ameslikas hu ua hybrid circuit, MCM muaj ob lossis ntau dua ICs thiab cov khoom siv tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas sib cuam tshuam los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom tsim hauv lub hauv paus ntawd. MCM pab nrog txo qhov loj me thiab pab txo cov teeb liab degradation.
Cov khoom siv tau muab tso rau hauv qhov system hauv ib pob (SiP), uas yog qhov txuas ntxiv rau MCM. Hlau sib txuas rau lub substrate yog ib txwm. Ib qho txuas ntxiv rau SiP yog pob ntawm pob (PoP).