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Transistors - Kev daws zoo tshaj plaws rau Amplifying Tsis muaj zog hluav taws xob teeb liab
Lub transistor yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob me me uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov hluav taws xob tawm hluav taws xob loj los ntawm kev hloov me me hauv cov teeb liab me me. Ntawd yog, lub teeb liab tsis muaj zog tuaj yeem ua kom nrov los ntawm transistor. Lub transistor muaj peb txheej ntawm silicon lossis germanium semiconductor khoom. Cov impurities raug ntxiv rau txhua txheej los tsim cov hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb zoo lossis tus cwj pwm tsis zoo. "P" yog rau cov txheej txheem them nqi zoo thiab "N" yog rau txheej tsis zoo. Transistors yog NPN lossis PNP hauv kev teeb tsa ntawm cov txheej. Tsis muaj qhov txawv tshwj xeeb tshwj tsis yog qhov polarity ntawm voltages uas yuav tsum tau siv los ua kom lub transistor ua haujlwm. Lub teeb liab input tsis muaj zog yog siv rau hauv nruab nrab txheej hu ua lub hauv paus thiab feem ntau hais txog hauv av uas tseem txuas nrog rau hauv qab txheej hu ua emitter. Lub teeb liab tso zis ntau dua yog coj los ntawm tus neeg sau los kuj tau hais txog hauv av thiab cov emitter. Ntxiv cov resistors thiab capacitors yuav tsum tau nrog tsawg kawg ib qho DC lub zog los ua kom tiav cov transistor amplifier.
Lub transistor yog lub tsev thaiv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub thiab cov xov tooj cua ua ntej, tshuab xam zauv, khoos phis tawj, thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub. Cov neeg tsim khoom tau txais txiaj ntsig Nobel nqi zog hauv xyoo 1956 rau kev tsim cov transistor. Nws tuaj yeem sib cav tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws inventions ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Nyob rau hauv 2009, thawj transistor tsim los ntawm Tswb Labs tau hu ua IEEE Milestone. Muaj ntau tshaj li ib txhiab tus neeg transistors uas tau tsim txhua xyoo (lub npe hu ua discrete transistors). Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau yog tsim nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke nrog rau diodes, resistors, capacitors, thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, suav nrog cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Transistors tuaj yeem siv ntau qhov chaw ntawm 20 hauv logic rooj vag mus rau 3 billion hauv microprocessor. Vim tias tus nqi qis, kev hloov pauv, thiab kev ntseeg siab cuam tshuam nrog lub transistor, nws tau dhau los ua ntau yam tsim. Txhawm rau muab cov khoom tso rau hauv kev xav, muaj 60 lab transistors tsim rau txhua tus neeg hauv ntiaj teb rov qab rau xyoo 2002. Tam sim no dhau kaum xyoo tom qab, tus lej ntawd tsuas yog txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv.
Ob hom ntawm transistors yog bipolar transistor thiab teb-zoo transistor, uas muaj me ntsis variations nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm yuav ua li cas lawv siv nyob rau hauv ib tug Circuit Court. Transistors feem ntau yog siv los ua hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob rau kev siv hluav taws xob siab thiab hluav taws xob tsawg. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem siv los ua amplifiers hauv qhov kev hloov me me hauv qhov hluav taws xob hloov pauv me me tam sim no los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm transistor. Qee qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm transistors dua lwm cov khoom yog qhov me me, qhov hnyav tsawg, tsis muaj lub zog siv los ntawm cathode rhaub, lub sij hawm sov so rau cathode heaters xav tau tom qab siv hluav taws xob, kev ntseeg siab dua, ntau dua lub cev ruggedness, lub neej ntev heev, thiab insensitivity rau mechanical shock thiab vibration, thiab lwm yam.
Sab saum toj manufacturers rau transistors yog Maxim Integrated, Micro semi Power Products Group, NXP Semiconductors, ON Semiconductor, Panasonic Electronic Cheebtsam, Rohm Semiconductor, Sanken, SANYO Semiconductor Corporation, STMicroelectronics, thiab Toshiba.
Yog tias koj Google rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws transistor Cheebtsam koj yuav tau txais ntau lub khw nres rau txhua qhov chaw transistor koj tab tom nrhiav, tsis hais leej twg tsim nws lossis lub hom phiaj yog dab tsi.